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R-LiViT

Roadside vulnerable road user detection and tracking

Roadside LiDAR, RGB and thermal observations at three German intersections in day and night, with 10,000 labeled point-cloud frames and 2,400 aligned RGB-T pairs.

Metadata: Complete Metadata needs review Released 2025

Quick facts

Vehicle type
Other
Environment
Outdoor
Data origin
Real-world
Sensor count
4
Ground truth
Available
Calibration
Not reported
Annotations
Available

Sensor overview

High-level sensor availability before the detailed sensor records below.

Ground truth

Reference scope, method, rate, coverage, and provenance.

Ground-truth references for R-LiViT
Scope Method Reference system Count Rate Coverage Reference provenance
External
Measured using equipment independent of the platform’s normal onboard sensor pipeline.
Derived
Computed primarily from the dataset’s own recorded sensors.
Hybrid
Combines independent reference equipment with onboard measurements.
3D position Manual annotation Not reported Not reported 5 Hz Partial · LiDAR Objects Within 50 M Reference provenance
External
Measured using equipment independent of the platform’s normal onboard sensor pipeline.
Derived
Computed primarily from the dataset’s own recorded sensors.
Hybrid
Combines independent reference equipment with onboard measurements.
Derived
Reference notes
Semi-automatic 3D boxes manually reviewed and refined by professional annotators, with LiDAR tracking IDs. Seven LiDAR classes; no object-ID correspondence to RGB-T. This is object-label reference data, not platform-pose ground truth.

Calibration and synchronization

Reported calibration level, reproducibility signals, and supporting notes.

Level
Not reported
Processed parameters
Not reported
Raw calibration data
Not reported
Calibration targets
RGB/LiDAR: aluminum checkerboard, 6x8 tiles of 14x14 cm. Thermal/RGB: 5x7 circle target, 95 mm diagonal spacing and 55 mm circles.

Calibration data

Calibration reproducibility details are not reported.

Notes

Thermal-to-RGB homography estimated from the target; thermal frames projected and padded. Reported mean reprojection error 0.038 has no explicit unit. Procedure does not establish delivery of parameters or raw target observations.

Known or intentional limitations

Reported constraints and characteristics to check before using the dataset.

Occasional temporal offsets between RGB-T and LiDAR.

Independent modality labels and differing fields of view produce inconsistent object coverage; no cross-modal track IDs.

LiDAR labels stop at 50 m and omit e-scooters; RGB-T cyclists have separate person/bicycle boxes.

Clear-weather spring collection with operator-selected active traffic scenarios.

59.3% of 2D boxes are small objects; valid 3D boxes contain approximately 110 points on average.

Cameras

rgb

Model
Hikvision DS-2TD2628-3/QA
Setup
Mono
Count
1
Effective cameras
1
Modality
Rgb
Resolution
Not reported
Rate
Not reported
Shutter
Not Reported
Lens type
Not Reported
HFOV
Not reported
VFOV
Not reported
Notes
Native RGB capture is 1280x720 at 5 Hz; RGB-T annotation subset is 1.25 FPS. Identifying regions are blurred. Benchmark 800x600 crops are experimental preprocessing. Cross-modal temporal offsets can remain.

thermal

Model
FLIR ADK
Setup
Mono
Count
1
Effective cameras
1
Modality
Thermal
Resolution
Not reported
Rate
Not reported
Shutter
Not Reported
Lens type
Not Reported
HFOV
Not reported
VFOV
Not reported
Notes
Native thermal capture is 640x512 at 60 Hz. Images are projected into RGB coordinates and padded; the aligned RGB-T subset has 2,400 image pairs at 1.25 FPS. Native resolution is not asserted as delivered aligned geometry.

IMUs

Not reported

GNSS

Not reported

LiDAR

Ouster OS1 BH

Model or name
Ouster OS1 BH
Count
1
Dimensions
3
Rate
Not reported
Channels
64
Range
Not reported

RoboSense Bpearl

Model or name
RoboSense Bpearl
Count
1
Dimensions
3
Rate
Not reported
Channels
32
Range
Not reported

Radar

Not reported

Pitot tube

Not reported

Additional sensors

Not reported

Annotations

Reported annotation availability and task support.

Availability
Available
Format
Not reported
Class count
Not reported
Semantic segmentation Not reported
Instance segmentation Not reported
Object detection Available
Optical flow Not reported
Depth ground truth Not reported

Citation

Citation key and BibTeX kept at the end of the page for reference.

Citation key
Not reported

BibTeX

Not reported

Dataset corrections

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